![]() Literature review reveals that, fluid intelligence is highly aligned and associated with frontal executive function ( Duncan et al., 2000), attentional control and working memory capacity ( Conway et al., 2002 Gray et al., 2003). ![]() Fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence are facets of general intelligence ( Hornung et al., 2011 Darki et al., 2015). It differs from Crystallized intelligence (Gc) since the latter is responsible for skills acquired by experience and not by immediate optimization and generalization procedures. In parallel, General fluid intelligence (Gf) is a significant dimension of individual differences and is aligned with reasoning and problem-solving ability ( Darki and Klingberg, 2015). More specifically, fluid intelligence is a cognitive skill which enables people to cope with a variety of problems, adapt to changing situations, and show flexibility in thinking. The common profile that characterize the two developmental conditions and the distinct pattern of working memory performance in DS group underlies the need for further research in the field.įluid Intelligence (FI) is a concept which describes the processes of abstract thinking and adaptability to new situations. ![]() The implications of these findings are discussed in light of support for learning. Their differences have been studied and further conclusions have been drawn about the different patterns of working memory among the three clinical groups. ![]() As for the DS group research findings revealed different and unique working memory patterns in comparison to DLD group and High-functioning ASD. The results revealed that the DLD groups and High-functioning ASD group exhibited a common picture or an overlap of performances in all Phonological and Visuo-spatial working memory measures, except Backward Digit Recall task. The result analysis revealed a significant difference among the three groups, both among each function separately and the correlations among them, as well. All children were evaluated in different measures of Phonological Working Memory, Visual-spatial Working Memory whereas Fluid Intelligence was measured with Raven Progressive Matrices. More specifically, the current study investigates the complex relationship of fluid intelligence and WM between 39 children with DLD, 20 H igh-functioning children with ASD, and 15 children with DS. The present study aims to evaluate the distinct patterns of working memory (WM) capacity of children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), High-functioning children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and children with Down syndrome (DS). 12Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI-AUTH), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.11Laboratory of Psychology, Section of Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.10Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.9Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, School of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Ioannina, Arta, Greece.8Department of Early Childhood Education and Care, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.7Department of Turkish and Modern Asian Studies, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.6Department of Special Education (CEDU), United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.5Department of Education, School of Education, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.4Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.3Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Western Macedonia, Florina, Greece.2Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, University Research Centre of Ioannina (URCI), Ioannina, Greece.1Laboratory of Psychology, Department of Early Childhood Education, School of Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.Kougioumtzis 7, Efthymios Papatzikis 8, Georgios Ntritsos 9,10, Despina Moraitou 11,12 and Georgia Papantoniou 1,2,12 Maria Sofologi 1,2*, Vassiliki Pliogou 3, Eleni Bonti 4,5,6, Maria Efstratopoulou 6, Georgios A.
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